From da6bda7ca7270d7c6c85323d525a9683f6b7e284 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Caleb Burke <calebburke91@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2026 19:41:39 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 1/7] Supporting setting panel layout

---
 editor/main.cpp                               |  8 +++
 editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.cpp         |  4 --
 editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.hpp         |  2 +-
 editor/panels/inspector_panel.cpp             |  4 --
 editor/panels/inspector_panel.hpp             |  2 +-
 editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.cpp       |  2 -
 editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp       |  2 +-
 editor/panels/viewport_panel.cpp              | 45 +++++++++++++
 editor/panels/viewport_panel.hpp              | 17 +++++
 engine/include/sophia/ui/dock_layout.hpp      | 23 +++++++
 engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp            | 28 ++++++--
 engine/include/sophia/ui/panel_registry.hpp   |  7 ++
 engine/src/application.cpp                    |  9 +++
 engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp                 | 67 ++++++++++++++++++-
 engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp                 | 16 +++++
 engine/src/ui/panel.cpp                       | 35 ++++++++++
 engine/src/ui/panel_registry.cpp              |  2 +-
 engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.cpp        |  4 --
 engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp        |  2 +-
 engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.cpp  |  4 --
 engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.hpp  |  2 +-
 engine/src/ui/panels/frame_stats_panel.hpp    |  4 +-
 engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.cpp |  3 -
 engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.hpp |  2 +-
 24 files changed, 257 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 editor/panels/viewport_panel.cpp
 create mode 100644 editor/panels/viewport_panel.hpp
 create mode 100644 engine/include/sophia/ui/dock_layout.hpp
 create mode 100644 engine/src/ui/panel.cpp

diff --git a/editor/main.cpp b/editor/main.cpp
index 58d939c..bb66b1f 100644
--- a/editor/main.cpp
+++ b/editor/main.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "panels/asset_browser_panel.hpp"
 #include "panels/inspector_panel.hpp"
 #include "panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp"
+#include "panels/viewport_panel.hpp"
 
 class Editor : public sophia::Application {
  public:
@@ -17,6 +18,13 @@ class Editor : public sophia::Application {
     panels().emplace<SceneHierarchyPanel>();
     panels().emplace<InspectorPanel>();
     panels().emplace<AssetBrowserPanel>();
+    panels().emplace<ViewportPanel>();
+
+    panels().setDefaultLayout(
+        {.left = {"Scene Hierarchy"},
+         .right = {"Inspector", "Frame Stats", "PanelRegistry"},
+         .bottom = {"Asset Browser", "Console"},
+         .center = {"Viewport"}});
   }
 
   void onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo& frameInfo) override {}
diff --git a/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.cpp b/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.cpp
index 5371e4f..426a462 100644
--- a/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.cpp
+++ b/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.cpp
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 #include <imgui.h>
 
 void AssetBrowserPanel::onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo&) {
-  ImGui::Begin("Asset Browser");
-
   ImGui::BeginChild("Folders", ImVec2(150, 0), true);
   for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(folders.size()); i++) {
     if (ImGui::Selectable(folders[static_cast<size_t>(i)].name.c_str(),
@@ -22,6 +20,4 @@ void AssetBrowserPanel::onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo&) {
     ImGui::Selectable(file.c_str());
   }
   ImGui::EndChild();
-
-  ImGui::End();
 }
diff --git a/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.hpp b/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.hpp
index fc9577f..23993ab 100644
--- a/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.hpp
+++ b/editor/panels/asset_browser_panel.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 class AssetBrowserPanel : public sophia::Panel {
  public:
-  AssetBrowserPanel() : Panel{"Asset Browser"} {}
+  AssetBrowserPanel() : Panel{{.name = "Asset Browser"}} {}
 
   void onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo& frameInfo) override;
 
diff --git a/editor/panels/inspector_panel.cpp b/editor/panels/inspector_panel.cpp
index 0910b10..3fe5f83 100644
--- a/editor/panels/inspector_panel.cpp
+++ b/editor/panels/inspector_panel.cpp
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
 #include <cstdio>
 
 void InspectorPanel::onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo&) {
-  ImGui::Begin("Inspector");
-
   char nameBuf[128];
   std::snprintf(nameBuf, sizeof(nameBuf), "%s", name.c_str());
   if (ImGui::InputText("Name", nameBuf, sizeof(nameBuf))) {
@@ -31,6 +29,4 @@ void InspectorPanel::onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo&) {
   if (ImGui::CollapsingHeader("Script", ImGuiTreeNodeFlags_DefaultOpen)) {
     ImGui::Text("%s", scriptName.c_str());
   }
-
-  ImGui::End();
 }
diff --git a/editor/panels/inspector_panel.hpp b/editor/panels/inspector_panel.hpp
index a316315..3a080c1 100644
--- a/editor/panels/inspector_panel.hpp
+++ b/editor/panels/inspector_panel.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 class InspectorPanel : public sophia::Panel {
  public:
-  InspectorPanel() : Panel{"Inspector"} {}
+  InspectorPanel() : Panel{{.name = "Inspector"}} {}
 
   void onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo& frameInfo) override;
 
diff --git a/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.cpp b/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.cpp
index 14d663c..08cf3c4 100644
--- a/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.cpp
+++ b/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.cpp
@@ -26,9 +26,7 @@ void SceneHierarchyPanel::drawNode(const Node& node) {
 }
 
 void SceneHierarchyPanel::onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo&) {
-  ImGui::Begin("Scene Hierarchy");
   for (const Node& node : nodes) {
     drawNode(node);
   }
-  ImGui::End();
 }
diff --git a/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp b/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp
index 78d70c1..b4be4b4 100644
--- a/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp
+++ b/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 class SceneHierarchyPanel : public sophia::Panel {
  public:
-  SceneHierarchyPanel() : Panel{"Scene Hierarchy"} {}
+  SceneHierarchyPanel() : Panel{{.name = "Scene Hierarchy"}} {}
 
   void onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo& frameInfo) override;
 
diff --git a/editor/panels/viewport_panel.cpp b/editor/panels/viewport_panel.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef14bed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/editor/panels/viewport_panel.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "viewport_panel.hpp"
+
+#include <imgui.h>
+
+void ViewportPanel::onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo&) {
+  const struct {
+    const char* label;
+    GizmoMode mode;
+  } modes[] = {{"Move", GizmoMode::Move},
+               {"Rotate", GizmoMode::Rotate},
+               {"Scale", GizmoMode::Scale}};
+
+  for (const auto& entry : modes) {
+    if (ImGui::RadioButton(entry.label, gizmoMode == entry.mode)) {
+      gizmoMode = entry.mode;
+    }
+    ImGui::SameLine();
+  }
+  ImGui::Checkbox("Grid", &showGrid);
+
+  ImGui::Separator();
+
+  const ImVec2 origin = ImGui::GetCursorScreenPos();
+  const ImVec2 size = ImGui::GetContentRegionAvail();
+  const ImVec2 end(origin.x + size.x, origin.y + size.y);
+
+  ImDrawList* drawList = ImGui::GetWindowDrawList();
+  drawList->AddRectFilled(origin, end, IM_COL32(24, 26, 32, 255));
+
+  if (showGrid) {
+    constexpr float GRID_STEP = 40.0f;
+    const ImU32 gridColor = IM_COL32(255, 255, 255, 18);
+    for (float x = GRID_STEP; x < size.x; x += GRID_STEP) {
+      drawList->AddLine(ImVec2(origin.x + x, origin.y),
+                        ImVec2(origin.x + x, end.y), gridColor);
+    }
+    for (float y = GRID_STEP; y < size.y; y += GRID_STEP) {
+      drawList->AddLine(ImVec2(origin.x, origin.y + y),
+                        ImVec2(end.x, origin.y + y), gridColor);
+    }
+  }
+
+  ImGui::SetCursorScreenPos(ImVec2(origin.x + 8.0f, origin.y + 8.0f));
+  ImGui::TextDisabled("%.0f x %.0f", size.x, size.y);
+}
diff --git a/editor/panels/viewport_panel.hpp b/editor/panels/viewport_panel.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b68205b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/editor/panels/viewport_panel.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <sophia/frame_info.hpp>
+#include <sophia/ui/panel.hpp>
+
+class ViewportPanel : public sophia::Panel {
+ public:
+  ViewportPanel() : Panel{{.name = "Viewport"}} {}
+
+  void onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo& frameInfo) override;
+
+ private:
+  enum class GizmoMode { Move, Rotate, Scale };
+
+  GizmoMode gizmoMode = GizmoMode::Move;
+  bool showGrid = true;
+};
diff --git a/engine/include/sophia/ui/dock_layout.hpp b/engine/include/sophia/ui/dock_layout.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fce3fc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/include/sophia/ui/dock_layout.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace sophia {
+
+struct DockLayout {
+  float leftWidth = 0.2f;
+  float rightWidth = 0.25f;
+  float bottomHeight = 0.25f;
+
+  std::vector<std::string> left;
+  std::vector<std::string> right;
+  std::vector<std::string> bottom;
+  std::vector<std::string> center;
+
+  bool empty() const {
+    return left.empty() && right.empty() && bottom.empty() && center.empty();
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
index ef81a54..c46b8b5 100644
--- a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+#include <optional>
 #include <sophia/frame_info.hpp>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
@@ -8,28 +10,46 @@ namespace sophia {
 
 class Panel {
  public:
+  struct Config {
+    std::string name;
+
+    // Locked panels can't be moved, resized, docked, collapsed or closed.
+    bool locked = false;
+    bool closable = true;
+
+    // A zero component lets ImGui size the window. Applied on first use, or
+    // every frame when locked.
+    glm::vec2 size{0.0f, 0.0f};
+    std::optional<glm::vec2> position;
+  };
+
   Panel(const Panel&) = delete;
   Panel& operator=(const Panel&) = delete;
 
   Panel(Panel&&) noexcept = default;
   Panel& operator=(Panel&&) noexcept = default;
 
-  explicit Panel(std::string name = {}) : name{std::move(name)} {}
+  explicit Panel(Config config) : config{std::move(config)} {}
   virtual ~Panel() = default;
 
-  virtual void onUpdate(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) = 0;
+  // Owns the ImGui window: Begin, onUpdate, End.
+  void draw(const FrameInfo& frameInfo);
 
-  const std::string& getName() const { return name; }
+  const std::string& getName() const { return config.name; }
+  bool isLocked() const { return config.locked; }
 
   bool isVisible() const { return this->visible; }
   void setVisible(bool visible) { this->visible = visible; }
   void toggleVisible() { this->visible = !this->visible; }
 
  protected:
+  // Draw the panel's contents; the window is already open.
+  virtual void onUpdate(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) = 0;
+
   bool visible = true;
 
  private:
-  std::string name;
+  Config config;
 };
 
 }  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel_registry.hpp b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel_registry.hpp
index 9c425ed..09b3b87 100644
--- a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel_registry.hpp
+++ b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel_registry.hpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <sophia/frame_info.hpp>
 #include <sophia/handles.hpp>
+#include <sophia/ui/dock_layout.hpp>
 #include <sophia/ui/panel.hpp>
 #include <sophia/util/assert.hpp>
 #include <string_view>
@@ -94,6 +95,11 @@ class PanelRegistry {
 
   void update(const FrameInfo& frameInfo);
 
+  void setDefaultLayout(DockLayout layout) {
+    defaultLayout = std::move(layout);
+  }
+  const DockLayout& getDefaultLayout() const { return defaultLayout; }
+
  private:
   struct Slot {
     std::unique_ptr<Panel> panel;
@@ -102,6 +108,7 @@ class PanelRegistry {
 
   std::vector<Slot> slots;
   std::vector<u32> freeList;
+  DockLayout defaultLayout;
 };
 
 }  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/src/application.cpp b/engine/src/application.cpp
index 1123bcc..b838e7b 100644
--- a/engine/src/application.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/application.cpp
@@ -57,7 +57,16 @@ class Application::Impl {
     ImGuiRenderer imguiRenderer{window, device, renderContext.getImageFormat(),
                                 renderContext.getImageCount()};
 
+    this->application.consoleCommandRegistry.registerCommand(
+        "reset_layout", "Restore the default panel layout",
+        [&imguiRenderer](const std::vector<std::string>&) {
+          imguiRenderer.resetLayout();
+          return std::string{"Layout reset"};
+        });
+
     this->application.onCreate();
+    imguiRenderer.setDefaultLayout(
+        this->application.panelRegistry.getDefaultLayout());
 
     auto startTime = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
     auto currentTime = startTime;
diff --git a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp
index f0e2f04..fd32ded 100644
--- a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp
@@ -3,9 +3,21 @@
 #include <imgui.h>
 #include <imgui_impl_glfw.h>
 #include <imgui_impl_vulkan.h>
+#include <imgui_internal.h>  // DockBuilder API
 
 namespace sophia {
 
+namespace {
+constexpr ImGuiDockNodeFlags DOCKSPACE_FLAGS =
+    ImGuiDockNodeFlags_PassthruCentralNode;
+
+void dockAll(const std::vector<std::string>& windows, ImGuiID nodeId) {
+  for (const std::string& name : windows) {
+    ImGui::DockBuilderDockWindow(name.c_str(), nodeId);
+  }
+}
+}  // namespace
+
 ImGuiRenderer::ImGuiRenderer(Window& window, Device& device,
                              vk::Format colorAttachmentFormat,
                              u32 minImageCount) {
@@ -65,8 +77,59 @@ void ImGuiRenderer::beginFrame() {
   ImGui_ImplGlfw_NewFrame();
   ImGui::NewFrame();
 
-  ImGui::DockSpaceOverViewport(0, ImGui::GetMainViewport(),
-                               ImGuiDockNodeFlags_PassthruCentralNode);
+  ImGuiID dockspaceId = ImGui::DockSpaceOverViewport(
+      0, ImGui::GetMainViewport(), DOCKSPACE_FLAGS);
+  applyLayoutIfNeeded(dockspaceId, DOCKSPACE_FLAGS);
+}
+
+void ImGuiRenderer::setDefaultLayout(DockLayout layout) {
+  defaultLayout = std::move(layout);
+  seedIfUnsaved = true;
+}
+
+void ImGuiRenderer::resetLayout() { forceReset = true; }
+
+void ImGuiRenderer::applyLayoutIfNeeded(ImGuiID dockspaceId,
+                                        ImGuiDockNodeFlags flags) {
+  if (defaultLayout.empty()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  bool apply = forceReset;
+  if (seedIfUnsaved) {
+    // A layout restored from imgui.ini shows up as a split root node.
+    ImGuiDockNode* root = ImGui::DockBuilderGetNode(dockspaceId);
+    apply = apply || root == nullptr || !root->IsSplitNode();
+    seedIfUnsaved = false;
+  }
+  if (!apply) {
+    return;
+  }
+  forceReset = false;
+
+  const ImVec2 size = ImGui::GetMainViewport()->Size;
+
+  ImGui::DockBuilderRemoveNode(dockspaceId);
+  ImGui::DockBuilderAddNode(dockspaceId, flags | ImGuiDockNodeFlags_DockSpace);
+  ImGui::DockBuilderSetNodeSize(dockspaceId, size);
+
+  ImGuiID center = dockspaceId;
+  const ImGuiID left = ImGui::DockBuilderSplitNode(
+      center, ImGuiDir_Left, defaultLayout.leftWidth, nullptr, &center);
+  // The right split is taken from what's left after the left split.
+  const float rightRatio =
+      defaultLayout.rightWidth / (1.0f - defaultLayout.leftWidth);
+  const ImGuiID right = ImGui::DockBuilderSplitNode(
+      center, ImGuiDir_Right, rightRatio, nullptr, &center);
+  const ImGuiID bottom = ImGui::DockBuilderSplitNode(
+      center, ImGuiDir_Down, defaultLayout.bottomHeight, nullptr, &center);
+
+  dockAll(defaultLayout.left, left);
+  dockAll(defaultLayout.right, right);
+  dockAll(defaultLayout.bottom, bottom);
+  dockAll(defaultLayout.center, center);
+
+  ImGui::DockBuilderFinish(dockspaceId);
 }
 
 void ImGuiRenderer::endFrame(vk::CommandBuffer commandBuffer) {
diff --git a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp
index 0016730..a852a7d 100644
--- a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <imgui.h>
+
 #include <sophia/types.hpp>
+#include <sophia/ui/dock_layout.hpp>
 
 #include "device.hpp"
 #include "window.hpp"
@@ -18,6 +21,19 @@ class ImGuiRenderer {
 
   void beginFrame();
   void endFrame(vk::CommandBuffer commandBuffer);
+
+  // Seeds the layout on the next frame, but only if no saved layout exists.
+  void setDefaultLayout(DockLayout layout);
+
+  // Discards the current layout and re-applies the default on the next frame.
+  void resetLayout();
+
+ private:
+  void applyLayoutIfNeeded(ImGuiID dockspaceId, ImGuiDockNodeFlags flags);
+
+  DockLayout defaultLayout;
+  bool seedIfUnsaved = false;
+  bool forceReset = false;
 };
 
 }  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panel.cpp b/engine/src/ui/panel.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56242cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panel.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include <imgui.h>
+
+#include <sophia/ui/panel.hpp>
+
+namespace sophia {
+
+void Panel::draw(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) {
+  ImGuiWindowFlags flags = ImGuiWindowFlags_None;
+  if (config.locked) {
+    flags |= ImGuiWindowFlags_NoMove | ImGuiWindowFlags_NoResize |
+             ImGuiWindowFlags_NoDocking | ImGuiWindowFlags_NoCollapse;
+  }
+
+  const ImGuiCond cond =
+      config.locked ? ImGuiCond_Always : ImGuiCond_FirstUseEver;
+  if (config.size.x > 0.0f || config.size.y > 0.0f) {
+    ImGui::SetNextWindowSize(ImVec2(config.size.x, config.size.y), cond);
+  }
+  if (config.position) {
+    ImGui::SetNextWindowPos(ImVec2(config.position->x, config.position->y),
+                            cond);
+  }
+
+  bool open = true;
+  const bool showCloseButton = config.closable && !config.locked;
+  ImGui::Begin(config.name.c_str(), showCloseButton ? &open : nullptr, flags);
+  onUpdate(frameInfo);
+  ImGui::End();
+
+  if (!open) {
+    visible = false;
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panel_registry.cpp b/engine/src/ui/panel_registry.cpp
index 92b58d6..5b34ea9 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panel_registry.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panel_registry.cpp
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ u32 PanelRegistry::visibleCount() const {
 void PanelRegistry::update(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) {
   for (auto& slot : slots) {
     if (slot.panel && slot.panel->isVisible()) {
-      slot.panel->onUpdate(frameInfo);
+      slot.panel->draw(frameInfo);
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.cpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.cpp
index 4e9f192..dc9568c 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.cpp
@@ -111,8 +111,6 @@ int ConsolePanel::textEditCallback(ImGuiInputTextCallbackData* data) {
 }
 
 void ConsolePanel::onUpdate(const FrameInfo&) {
-  ImGui::Begin("Console");
-
   if (ImGui::SmallButton("Clear")) {
     clear();
   }
@@ -161,8 +159,6 @@ void ConsolePanel::onUpdate(const FrameInfo&) {
   if (reclaimFocus) {
     ImGui::SetKeyboardFocusHere(-1);
   }
-
-  ImGui::End();
 }
 
 }  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp
index c35ef5f..a183d48 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace sophia {
 class ConsolePanel : public Panel {
  public:
   explicit ConsolePanel(ConsoleCommandRegistry& consoleCommandRegistry)
-      : Panel{"Console"}, consoleCommandRegistry{consoleCommandRegistry} {
+      : Panel{{.name = "Console"}}, consoleCommandRegistry{consoleCommandRegistry} {
     log("Console ready. Type 'help' for a list of commands.");
   }
 
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.cpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.cpp
index 49e504e..eb9384f 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.cpp
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@
 namespace sophia {
 
 void EcsInspectorPanel::onUpdate(const FrameInfo&) {
-  ImGui::Begin("ECS Inspector");
-
   entityScratch.clear();
   for (entt::entity entity : registry.storage<entt::entity>()) {
     entityScratch.push_back(entity);
@@ -50,8 +48,6 @@ void EcsInspectorPanel::onUpdate(const FrameInfo&) {
   } else {
     ImGui::TextDisabled("No entity selected");
   }
-
-  ImGui::End();
 }
 
 }  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.hpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.hpp
index 1666ff5..2a99231 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/ecs_inspector_panel.hpp
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace sophia {
 class EcsInspectorPanel : public Panel {
  public:
   explicit EcsInspectorPanel(entt::registry& registry)
-      : Panel{"ECS Inspector"}, registry{registry} {}
+      : Panel{{.name = "ECS Inspector"}}, registry{registry} {}
 
   void onUpdate(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) override;
 
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/frame_stats_panel.hpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/frame_stats_panel.hpp
index 0d7917f..7923779 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/frame_stats_panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/frame_stats_panel.hpp
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace sophia {
 
 class FrameStatsPanel : public Panel {
  public:
-  FrameStatsPanel() : Panel{"Frame Stats"} {}
+  FrameStatsPanel() : Panel{{.name = "Frame Stats"}} {}
 
   void onUpdate(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) override {
     frameCount++;
@@ -25,10 +25,8 @@ class FrameStatsPanel : public Panel {
       nextRefreshTime = frameInfo.elapsedTime + REFRESH_INTERVAL;
     }
 
-    ImGui::Begin("Frame Stats");
     ImGui::Text("FPS: %.1f", displayedFps);
     ImGui::Text("Frame time: %.3f ms", displayedFrameTimeMs);
-    ImGui::End();
   }
 
  private:
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.cpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.cpp
index c481b5a..6746408 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.cpp
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 namespace sophia {
 
 void PanelRegistryPanel::onUpdate(const FrameInfo&) {
-  ImGui::Begin("PanelRegistry");
   ImGui::Text("%u panels (%u visible)", registry.size(),
               registry.visibleCount());
   ImGui::Separator();
@@ -21,8 +20,6 @@ void PanelRegistryPanel::onUpdate(const FrameInfo&) {
       panel->setVisible(visible);
     }
   }
-
-  ImGui::End();
 }
 
 }  // namespace sophia
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.hpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.hpp
index 29e16e2..cebefae 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/panel_registry_panel.hpp
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace sophia {
 class PanelRegistryPanel : public Panel {
  public:
   explicit PanelRegistryPanel(PanelRegistry& registry)
-      : Panel{"PanelRegistry"}, registry{registry} {}
+      : Panel{{.name = "PanelRegistry"}}, registry{registry} {}
 
   void onUpdate(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) override;
 

From f814ad969f923de2184e0c5ca8418f54f35743d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Caleb Burke <calebburke91@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2026 21:13:41 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 2/7] making config editable

---
 editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp |  2 +-
 engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp      | 20 +++++++++---
 engine/src/ui/panel.cpp                 | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp b/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp
index b4be4b4..2833b32 100644
--- a/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp
+++ b/editor/panels/scene_hierarchy_panel.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 class SceneHierarchyPanel : public sophia::Panel {
  public:
-  SceneHierarchyPanel() : Panel{{.name = "Scene Hierarchy"}} {}
+  SceneHierarchyPanel() : Panel{{.name = "Scene Hierarchy", .locked = true}} {}
 
   void onUpdate(const sophia::FrameInfo& frameInfo) override;
 
diff --git a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
index c46b8b5..9be5282 100644
--- a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <imgui.h>
+
 #include <glm/glm.hpp>
 #include <optional>
 #include <sophia/frame_info.hpp>
@@ -11,9 +13,11 @@ namespace sophia {
 class Panel {
  public:
   struct Config {
-    std::string name;
+    const std::string name;
+
+    ImGuiWindowFlags windowFlags = ImGuiWindowFlags_None;
+    ImGuiDockNodeFlags dockNodeFlags = ImGuiDockNodeFlags_None;
 
-    // Locked panels can't be moved, resized, docked, collapsed or closed.
     bool locked = false;
     bool closable = true;
 
@@ -21,20 +25,27 @@ class Panel {
     // every frame when locked.
     glm::vec2 size{0.0f, 0.0f};
     std::optional<glm::vec2> position;
+
+    ImGuiWindowFlags getWindowFlags() const;
+    ImGuiDockNodeFlags getDockNodeFlags() const;
+    bool hasCloseButton() const;
+    ImGuiCond getPlacementCond() const;
   };
 
   Panel(const Panel&) = delete;
   Panel& operator=(const Panel&) = delete;
 
   Panel(Panel&&) noexcept = default;
-  Panel& operator=(Panel&&) noexcept = default;
+  Panel& operator=(Panel&&) = delete;
 
   explicit Panel(Config config) : config{std::move(config)} {}
   virtual ~Panel() = default;
 
-  // Owns the ImGui window: Begin, onUpdate, End.
   void draw(const FrameInfo& frameInfo);
 
+  Config& getConfig() { return config; }
+  const Config& getConfig() const { return config; }
+
   const std::string& getName() const { return config.name; }
   bool isLocked() const { return config.locked; }
 
@@ -43,7 +54,6 @@ class Panel {
   void toggleVisible() { this->visible = !this->visible; }
 
  protected:
-  // Draw the panel's contents; the window is already open.
   virtual void onUpdate(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) = 0;
 
   bool visible = true;
diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panel.cpp b/engine/src/ui/panel.cpp
index 56242cd..0fc6ebc 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panel.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panel.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,43 @@
 #include <imgui.h>
+#include <imgui_internal.h>
 
 #include <sophia/ui/panel.hpp>
 
 namespace sophia {
 
-void Panel::draw(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) {
-  ImGuiWindowFlags flags = ImGuiWindowFlags_None;
-  if (config.locked) {
+ImGuiWindowFlags Panel::Config::getWindowFlags() const {
+  ImGuiWindowFlags flags = windowFlags;
+  if (locked) {
     flags |= ImGuiWindowFlags_NoMove | ImGuiWindowFlags_NoResize |
-             ImGuiWindowFlags_NoDocking | ImGuiWindowFlags_NoCollapse;
+             ImGuiWindowFlags_NoCollapse;
   }
+  return flags;
+}
 
-  const ImGuiCond cond =
-      config.locked ? ImGuiCond_Always : ImGuiCond_FirstUseEver;
+ImGuiDockNodeFlags Panel::Config::getDockNodeFlags() const {
+  ImGuiDockNodeFlags flags = dockNodeFlags;
+  if (locked) {
+    flags |= static_cast<int>(ImGuiDockNodeFlags_NoUndocking) |
+             static_cast<int>(ImGuiDockNodeFlags_NoResize) |
+             static_cast<int>(ImGuiDockNodeFlags_NoCloseButton) |
+             static_cast<int>(ImGuiDockNodeFlags_NoDockingOverMe) |
+             static_cast<int>(ImGuiDockNodeFlags_NoDockingSplit);
+  }
+  return flags;
+}
+
+bool Panel::Config::hasCloseButton() const { return closable && !locked; }
+
+ImGuiCond Panel::Config::getPlacementCond() const {
+  return locked ? ImGuiCond_Always : ImGuiCond_FirstUseEver;
+}
+
+void Panel::draw(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) {
+  ImGuiWindowClass windowClass;
+  windowClass.DockNodeFlagsOverrideSet = config.getDockNodeFlags();
+  ImGui::SetNextWindowClass(&windowClass);
+
+  const ImGuiCond cond = config.getPlacementCond();
   if (config.size.x > 0.0f || config.size.y > 0.0f) {
     ImGui::SetNextWindowSize(ImVec2(config.size.x, config.size.y), cond);
   }
@@ -22,8 +47,8 @@ void Panel::draw(const FrameInfo& frameInfo) {
   }
 
   bool open = true;
-  const bool showCloseButton = config.closable && !config.locked;
-  ImGui::Begin(config.name.c_str(), showCloseButton ? &open : nullptr, flags);
+  ImGui::Begin(config.name.c_str(), config.hasCloseButton() ? &open : nullptr,
+               config.getWindowFlags());
   onUpdate(frameInfo);
   ImGui::End();
 

From 7837acdf9287a13f95ff67ac987e959e1f233359 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Caleb Burke <calebburke91@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2026 22:36:24 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 3/7] removing comments

---
 engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp | 3 ---
 1 file changed, 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp
index a852a7d..34765cb 100644
--- a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.hpp
@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@ class ImGuiRenderer {
   void beginFrame();
   void endFrame(vk::CommandBuffer commandBuffer);
 
-  // Seeds the layout on the next frame, but only if no saved layout exists.
   void setDefaultLayout(DockLayout layout);
-
-  // Discards the current layout and re-applies the default on the next frame.
   void resetLayout();
 
  private:

From 7d9633fb33b2f2e9dccb4427ad32a3e714771264 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Caleb Burke <calebburke91@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2026 22:36:50 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 4/7] Formatting

---
 engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp b/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp
index a183d48..9325dc3 100644
--- a/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/ui/panels/console_panel.hpp
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ namespace sophia {
 class ConsolePanel : public Panel {
  public:
   explicit ConsolePanel(ConsoleCommandRegistry& consoleCommandRegistry)
-      : Panel{{.name = "Console"}}, consoleCommandRegistry{consoleCommandRegistry} {
+      : Panel{{.name = "Console"}},
+        consoleCommandRegistry{consoleCommandRegistry} {
     log("Console ready. Type 'help' for a list of commands.");
   }
 

From 0e26ccae98534ca80733aa6fd67b369e6295cdb4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Caleb Burke <calebburke91@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2026 22:38:47 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 5/7] Removed comment

---
 engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
index 9be5282..078104e 100644
--- a/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
+++ b/engine/include/sophia/ui/panel.hpp
@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ class Panel {
     bool locked = false;
     bool closable = true;
 
-    // A zero component lets ImGui size the window. Applied on first use, or
-    // every frame when locked.
     glm::vec2 size{0.0f, 0.0f};
     std::optional<glm::vec2> position;
 

From 98b3d4a552eb471668f0f6e2d1fde804c9c29206 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Caleb Burke <calebburke91@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2026 22:40:26 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 6/7] Formatting

---
 engine/include/sophia/event.hpp       |  9 +++++----
 engine/include/sophia/util/logger.hpp |  3 +--
 engine/src/window.hpp                 | 12 ++++--------
 3 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/engine/include/sophia/event.hpp b/engine/include/sophia/event.hpp
index 0ac3e37..213fa54 100644
--- a/engine/include/sophia/event.hpp
+++ b/engine/include/sophia/event.hpp
@@ -2,12 +2,11 @@
 
 #include <any>
 #include <functional>
-#include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
-
 #include <sophia/types.hpp>
 #include <sophia/util/delegate.hpp>
 #include <sophia/util/logger.hpp>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
 
 #define BIT(x) (1 << (x))
 
@@ -116,7 +115,9 @@ class EventSystem {
     static_assert(std::is_base_of<Event, E>::value, "E must derive from Event");
     EventType eventType = GET_EVENT_TYPE(E);
 
-    if (!this->eventDelegates.count(eventType)) { return; }
+    if (!this->eventDelegates.count(eventType)) {
+      return;
+    }
 
     try {
       EventDelegate<E>& delegate =
diff --git a/engine/include/sophia/util/logger.hpp b/engine/include/sophia/util/logger.hpp
index cc3c17f..46d4bf1 100644
--- a/engine/include/sophia/util/logger.hpp
+++ b/engine/include/sophia/util/logger.hpp
@@ -12,9 +12,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <iostream>
-#include <utility>
-
 #include <sophia/types.hpp>
+#include <utility>
 
 namespace sophia::log {
 
diff --git a/engine/src/window.hpp b/engine/src/window.hpp
index ae0b950..672215d 100644
--- a/engine/src/window.hpp
+++ b/engine/src/window.hpp
@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@
 #define GLFW_INCLUDE_VULKAN
 #include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
 
-#include <string>
-#include <vulkan/vulkan.hpp>
-
 #include <sophia/event.hpp>
 #include <sophia/types.hpp>
+#include <string>
+#include <vulkan/vulkan.hpp>
 
 namespace sophia {
 
@@ -35,11 +34,8 @@ class Window {
 
  private:
   static void resizeCallback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
-  static void keyEventCallback(GLFWwindow* window,
-                               int key,
-                               int scancode,
-                               int action,
-                               int mods);
+  static void keyEventCallback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode,
+                               int action, int mods);
   void initialize();
 
   int width, height;

From 625ed87538a13caa3641c27ef65ed1e5de3b613e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Caleb Burke <calebburke91@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2026 22:43:30 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 7/7] Removing comment

---
 engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp
index fd32ded..538c29c 100644
--- a/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/imgui_renderer.cpp
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include <imgui.h>
 #include <imgui_impl_glfw.h>
 #include <imgui_impl_vulkan.h>
-#include <imgui_internal.h>  // DockBuilder API
+#include <imgui_internal.h>
 
 namespace sophia {